Rwanda Travel Advice

Rwanda – the Land of a Thousand Hills – is a captivating destination that blends raw natural beauty with a remarkable cultural spirit. Nestled in the heart of East Africa, this small but breathtakingly diverse country is known for its rolling landscapes, thriving wildlife, and the incredible resilience of its people. From the mist-shrouded mountains of Volcanoes Mountains, home to the majestic gorillas to the pristine lakes, like Lake Kivu, that mirror the sky, Rwanda is a place where adventure meets tranquility.

About Rwanda

Rwanda is a country that has risen from the ashes of its past to become one of Africa’s most compelling travel destinations. While it is often remembered for the tragic events of the 1994 genocide, Rwanda today is a shining example of peace, reconciliation, and rapid development. The people of Rwanda, known as Rwandans, are incredibly warm and welcoming, greeting visitors with wide smiles and generous hospitality. The nation has three official languages: Kinyarwanda (spoken by the majority), French, and English. If you know a few phrases in Kinyarwanda, you’ll find it opens many doors to authentic interactions.

Rwanda’s Geography and Climate

Rwanda may be small, but it packs a punch when it comes to diverse landscapes. Its terrain is famously hilly, with lush green mountains stretching as far as the eye can see. The country is landlocked, bordered by Uganda to the north, Tanzania to the east, Burundi to the south, and the Democratic Republic of Congo to the west. Despite its proximity to the equator, Rwanda enjoys a temperate tropical climate due to its high elevation. Temperatures remain pleasant year-round, with average daytime temperatures between 20°C and 27°C. The country has two rainy seasons, from March to May and from October to December, but even during these times, showers tend to be brief, leaving plenty of time for exploring.

When is the Best Time to Visit Rwanda?

The best time to visit Rwanda largely depends on what you want to experience. If your dream is to trek the mountain gorillas in Volcanoes National Park, the dry seasons from June to September and December to February are ideal. These months offer the best conditions for hiking, with less slippery trails. The wet season (March to May) is great for birdwatching, as migratory species arrive, and the landscape is lush and vibrant. Rwanda’s weather allows for year-round travel, but for the best wildlife encounters and comfortable outdoor activities, the dry season is unbeatable.

Getting Around Rwanda: Transportation Tips

Navigating Rwanda’s Roadways

Rwanda is known for its excellent infrastructure, with well-paved roads connecting most major towns and attractions. Kigali, the capital, serves as the central hub from which you can access all parts of the country. Public transport is efficient and affordable, with buses and shared taxis being the most common modes of transportation. However, for the most flexibility, especially if you plan on visiting multiple national parks or remote areas, renting a car is highly recommended. Most car rental companies provide drivers familiar with the roads, which can be winding and steep in the mountainous regions.

Domestic Flights and Regional Connectivity

If you’re short on time or want to avoid the often lengthy, winding road journeys through Rwanda’s hilly terrain, RwandaAir offers a convenient solution. Rwanda’s national carrier operates domestic flights from Kigali International Airport (KGL) to key locations within the country, including Kamembe near the stunning Nyungwe Forest National Park. This is an excellent option for travelers eager to maximize their time exploring Rwanda’s rich natural wonders, especially if you plan to trek chimpanzees in Nyungwe or relax by Lake Kivu in the west of the country.

Visa Process for Travelers

Before boarding your domestic or regional flight, it’s important to ensure you’ve sorted out your visa. Fortunately, Rwanda has one of the most traveler-friendly visa policies in Africa:

• Visa on arrival: Citizens of all countries can obtain a visa upon arrival at Kigali International Airport or any other border post. The cost is $50 USD for a single-entry tourist visa, valid for 30 days.
• East Africa Tourist Visa: If you’re planning to visit Rwanda, Uganda, and Kenya, the East Africa Tourist Visa allows multiple entries between these countries for 90 days and costs $100 USD. This is an excellent option if you’re planning a more extensive trip across the region.
• Online visa application: To save time, you can also apply for a Rwandan visa online via the Rwanda Immigration and Emigration website. The process is straightforward, and approval typically takes 3 to 5 business days. Having an e-visa printed and ready can make your arrival process quicker and more efficient.

Expert Advice for Domestic and Regional Travel

1. Book Flights Early: Domestic flights are limited and can fill up quickly, especially during peak tourist seasons (June to September and December to February). Booking early ensures you secure your seat, particularly if you’re connecting to remote destinations like Kamembe.
2. Check Baggage Policies: RwandaAir’s domestic flights often have different baggage allowances compared to international flights. Be sure to check the baggage policy in advance to avoid extra fees, especially if you’re flying with gear for activities like gorilla trekking.
3. Consider Flight Times: Domestic flights in Rwanda are relatively short (Kigali to Kamembe takes around 40 minutes), but road transfers to and from airports can take longer due to the hilly terrain. Plan accordingly and ensure you have ample time between flights and scheduled activities.
4. Health and Safety: For regional travel, ensure you have all the necessary vaccinations (such as Yellow Fever) and take appropriate health precautions, particularly if you are transiting through countries with varying health requirements.

What to Pack for Your Rwandan Adventure

Packing smart for Rwanda is crucial to ensure you’re well-prepared for both the climate and activities, as Rwanda’s diverse landscapes offer everything from lush rainforests to elevated mountains and vast savannahs. Whether you’re gorilla trekking, exploring the vibrant culture of Kigali, or going on a safari, having the right gear will ensure you enjoy every moment. Here’s a detailed list of essentials to make your Rwandan adventure smooth and comfortable:

• Lightweight Layers: Rwanda’s climate varies depending on the region and altitude, particularly in the mountains where temperatures can drop in the evenings. Bring breathable, moisture-wicking layers that you can easily add or remove as needed. Mornings and nights in high-altitude areas like Volcanoes National Park can get chilly, but days tend to warm up quickly.
• Waterproof Jacket: Even during the dry seasons, Rwanda’s tropical climate means rain is always a possibility, especially in the rainforest regions like Nyungwe Forest. A high-quality, lightweight waterproof jacket will keep you dry without weighing you down. Look for one with a hood to provide extra protection during surprise showers.
• Comfortable Hiking Shoes: If you plan to hike in search of gorillas, chimpanzees, or other wildlife, sturdy, waterproof hiking boots are a must. Trails, especially in the wet season, can be muddy and slippery. Boots with good ankle support will also help when trekking on uneven, steep terrain. For added comfort, bring blister-resistant socks, and consider packing gaiters to keep mud out of your shoes.
• Insect Repellent: Rwanda is not a high-risk malaria zone, but mosquitoes are present, especially in lower-altitude areas and near lakes. Bring insect repellent that contains DEET or Picaridin to protect yourself from bites. For extra safety, consider wearing long sleeves and trousers in the evenings when mosquitoes are more active, and don’t forget to use repellent while trekking in dense forests.
• Sun Protection: Although Rwanda is temperate due to its elevation, the sun can still be intense. The country sits close to the equator, and UV rays can be strong even when the weather feels cool. Sunglasses with UV protection, a wide-brimmed hat, and a high-SPF sunscreen (30 or higher) are essential for avoiding sunburn. It’s especially important to apply sunscreen during long hikes or game drives.
• Daypack: A sturdy, waterproof daypack will keep your essentials safe and dry during day trips or hikes. Look for one with comfortable, padded straps and enough space to carry water, snacks, and other necessities like your camera and rain gear. Side pockets for water bottles and easy access to small items are useful features for keeping your hands free while on the move.
• Binoculars: Rwanda is home to some of the most incredible wildlife in Africa, and whether you’re on a safari in Akagera National Park or birdwatching in Nyungwe Forest, binoculars will help you get the most out of your experience. Rwanda boasts over 700 bird species, and binoculars are perfect for spotting them, along with primates like golden monkeys or colobus monkeys high in the trees. A lightweight, travel-friendly pair will fit easily in your daypack.
• Reusable Water Bottle: Rwanda is a plastic-free nation, which means plastic bottles are banned. Bringing a reusable water bottle not only helps reduce waste but ensures you stay hydrated during hikes or safaris. Many hotels and lodges offer filtered water stations where you can refill before heading out for the day.
• First Aid Kit: It’s always good to be prepared, especially if you’re exploring remote areas. Pack a small first aid kit with essentials like bandages, antiseptic wipes, pain relievers, and any personal medications. Trekking and outdoor activities can sometimes lead to minor scrapes, so having a kit on hand will ensure you can address any small injuries.
• Camera with Extra Memory Cards and Batteries: Rwanda’s landscapes and wildlife are incredibly photogenic. Whether you’re capturing the misty mountains of Volcanoes National Park or the breathtaking sunsets over Lake Kivu, you’ll want a good camera. Make sure to bring extra memory cards and fully charged batteries, especially if you’re heading into remote areas where charging may be limited.

Top Experiences in Rwanda

Gorilla Trekking in Volcanoes National Park

This is undoubtedly Rwanda’s premier attraction. Gorilla trekking in Volcanoes National Park is a once-in-a-lifetime experience, offering a rare opportunity to observe mountain gorillas in their natural habitat. Nestled in the Virunga Mountains in the north of Rwanda, this park is home to about a third of the world’s remaining mountain gorillas. The trek itself is an adventure, winding through misty forests and dense vegetation, often on steep and challenging terrain. However, the reward is incomparable – standing just a few meters away from these majestic creatures as they interact, feed, and care for their young.

Chimpanzee Tracking in Nyungwe Forest

While gorillas steal much of the spotlight, chimpanzee tracking in Nyungwe Forest National Park offers another thrilling primate experience. Located in Rwanda’s southwest, Nyungwe is one of the oldest rainforests in Africa, with an incredibly rich biodiversity. The park is home to approximately 500 chimpanzees, and tracking them through the dense forest is an exhilarating experience. Unlike gorillas, chimpanzees are highly vocal and energetic, often swinging through the trees and making loud calls as they move in their groups.

Exploring Kigali’s Genocide Memorial

To truly understand Rwanda’s remarkable transformation, a visit to the Kigali Genocide Memorial is a must. Located in the heart of Kigali, this memorial serves as a sobering reminder of the atrocities of the 1994 genocide, in which nearly one million Rwandans lost their lives. However, it also stands as a powerful symbol of the country’s resilience and its ongoing journey toward peace and reconciliation.

Relaxing on Lake Kivu’s Shores

After days of trekking through Rwanda’s lush forests and climbing its rolling hills, Lake Kivu provides a peaceful escape where you can rest and recharge. This vast freshwater lake, part of Africa’s Great Rift Valley, is one of the continent’s largest and deepest, stretching across the border between Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Its serene, crystal-clear waters are perfect for swimming, as Lake Kivu is notably free from hippos and crocodiles, making it safe for leisurely dips.

Spotting Wildlife in Akagera National Park

For a classic African safari experience, Akagera National Park is an absolute gem. Located in eastern Rwanda, Akagera is a remarkably diverse park, where you’ll find savannahs, swamps, lakes, and woodlands, creating a rich habitat for wildlife. Covering approximately 1,122 square kilometres, Akagera has undergone a remarkable transformation over the years, with a successful reintroduction of the Big Five – lion, leopard, elephant, buffalo, and rhino – making it a fantastic destination for spotting Africa’s most iconic animals.

Top Tips for Traveling in Rwanda

1. Permits for Gorilla Trekking: One of the main reasons travelers flock to Rwanda is for the chance to trek into the misty mountains and observe mountain gorillas in their natural habitat. However, permits for gorilla trekking are highly regulated and limited to protect the animals and their environment. Rwanda only allows 80 permits per day, so it’s crucial to book your permit at least 3 to 6 months in advance—especially during the high season (June to September). Each permit costs around $1,500 USD per person, and this fee helps fund conservation efforts and support local communities. When trekking, remember that you are required to maintain a 7-metre distance from the gorillas, and if you’re feeling unwell, it’s best to skip the trek to prevent transmitting diseases to the animals.
2. Respect Local Customs: Rwandans value politeness and modesty. Always greet locals before engaging in conversation and avoid public displays of affection.
3. Plastic Bag Ban: Rwanda is a global leader in environmental conservation and has implemented a strict ban on plastic bags since 2008. You’ll notice upon arrival at Kigali International Airport that customs officers check for any plastic bags in your luggage. If found, these will be confiscated. To comply with this eco-friendly policy, pack your items in reusable cloth or biodegradable bags. Many shops in Rwanda provide paper or fabric alternatives for carrying goods. This ban is part of why Rwanda is often called Africa’s cleanest country—a title upheld by both locals and visitors.
4. Umuganda: Rwanda has a remarkable tradition called Umuganda, which translates to “coming together in common purpose.” On the last Saturday of every month, from 8 AM to 11 AM, Rwandans across the country participate in community service projects, including cleaning streets, planting trees, and building communal structures. During this time, businesses, markets, and public transport shut down to allow everyone to contribute. As a visitor, you’re welcome to join in Umuganda if you wish to connect with locals and experience the sense of community firsthand. It’s a unique opportunity to immerse yourself in Rwanda’s culture of unity and collective responsibility. Just make sure to plan your travel accordingly, as transportation options will be limited during these hours.
5. Tipping: Tipping is not mandatory but appreciated, particularly in restaurants, hotels, and for guides.

Exploring Rwanda with Visit Africa

If you’re dreaming of a seamless Rwandan adventure, look no further than Visit Africa. We offer customized itineraries that take the stress out of planning, allowing you to focus on the magic of your trip. Whether you’re tracking gorillas, exploring the rich culture of Kigali, or embarking on a safari in Akagera, our expert guides ensure you experience the best Rwanda has to offer.

With Visit Africa, you’ll not only see Rwanda’s beauty but also gain a deep understanding of its culture, history, and people. We specialize in creating bespoke journeys that cater to your interests, ensuring every detail is taken care of from the moment you arrive.

Discover the magic of Rwanda with Visit Africa – your trusted travel partner in crafting unforgettable African experiences. Ready to book?